Bleed refers to an image or a background color extending off the page. This will be trimmed or cut away and will leave an image flowing off the page. Printing with bleed usually incurs a higher cost, because of the extra step to trim it. Printers will let you know how much bleed to use when setting up your design.
Trimming refers to a finishing process where sheets of paper are cut or trimmed to your specified size. This is usually the last or almost last step in a printing process.
For example: If you created a 6″ x 8″ booklet, the printer will print it on larger paper and trim away 3 sides to give the final result.
Variable Data Printing (VDP) is a digital printing technique that can change text from one print to another. Variable printing is usually handled by special software that ties to a database.
The most common example is junk mail: Attention Calvin, You have been pre-approved!
As each envelope rolls off the digital printer, a different name can be printed on it. That is variable data printing in its simplest form.
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